The internet is one of those inventions that changed the world. As its expansion continues and new related technologies are developed, the internet’s origins seem to have been forgotten. Despite what many people think, the man who invented the internet was not Al Gore, although the politician did have some influence over the internet’s growth.

It took several years for the internet to be developed, and many people were involved in the process. Its fundamental concept, the “network”, was first referred to as long ago as 1961 in the paper “Information Flow in Large Communication Nets”.

During the early 1960s DARPA, the US Defense Department’s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the IPTO (Information Processing Technology Office) were established. The first director of the IPTO was J.C.R. Licklider, who foresaw the future of communications: networks of computers.

The internet’s forerunner was ARPANET, launched in 1966, which linked communications between research centers and academic institutions. ARPANET used original packet switching exchange technology and its first messages were sent between the Research Institute at Stanford and UCLA. Email was introduced a few years later in 1972, followed in 1974 by the Telenet which is considered to be the earliest commercial form of the internet.

Sir Tim Berners-Lee was responsible for two critical advancements in the internet’s development: the TCP/IP protocol and computer networking. TCP/IP was invented in 1975 and was a standard protocol by 1982; the idea of networked computers was proposed in 1989 and by 1991 the now-familiar “www” shortform, denoting the world wide web, had been introduced. The internet was starting to change the world.

It was no single person who invented the internet. Like so many of the inventions that changed the world, the ideas and technology behind the internet have been developed by many people working in different organizations over the past fifty years.

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